1. J Neuroophthalmol. 2015 Nov 16. [Epub ahead of print]

The Optic Canal Size Is Associated With the Severity of Papilledema and Poor
Visual Function in Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension.

Bidot S(1), Clough L, Saindane AM, Newman NJ, Biousse V, Bruce BB.

Author information: 
(1)Departments of Ophthalmology (SB, LC, NJN, VB, BBB), Radiology and Imaging
Science (AMS), Neurology (NJN, VB, BBB), and Neurological Surgery (NJN), Emory
University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia; and Department of Epidemiology
(BBB), Rollins School of Public Health and Laney Graduate School, Emory
University, Atlanta, Georgia.

BACKGROUND: To determine whether the size of the bony optic canal is associated
with the severity of papilledema and poor visual function in idiopathic
intracranial hypertension (IIH).
METHODS: We performed a retrospective review of definite patients with IIH with
requisite brain magnetic resonance imaging allowing for optic canal measurement. 
Clinical characteristics and automated (Humphrey) visual field results were
reviewed; papilledema was graded according to the modified Frisén scale.
Cross-sectional area of the optic canals was measured independently by 2 readers 
and averaged for each canal. Logistic regression modeling was applied.
RESULTS: Sixty-nine patients with IIH were included (mean age: 33; 91% women; 65%
black). Controlling for age, sex, body mass index, race, and cerebrospinal fluid 
(CSF) opening pressure, each mm increase in canal size was associated with a 0.50
dB reduction in Humphrey visual field mean deviation (P = 0.006); this was likely
mediated by the increased odds of Grade 4-5 papilledema or optic atrophy in
patients with larger canals (odds ratio: 1.30 [95% CI: 1.10-1.55; P = 0.003] for 
Grade 4-5 papilledema or atrophy vs grade <4 papilledema per mm increase in canal
size).
CONCLUSIONS: Poor visual function and severe papilledema or optic atrophy were
associated with a larger optic canal. Potential mechanisms include alteration of 
local CSF flow or bony remodeling at the optic canals.

PMID: 26580295   [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]


2. J Neuroophthalmol. 2015 Dec;35(4):446. doi: 10.1097/WNO.0000000000000323.

Reactive Oxygen Species in Mitochondrial Optic Neuropathies: Response.

Levin LA(1).

Author information: 
(1)McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI.

PMID: 26576024   [PubMed - in process]


3. J Neuroophthalmol. 2015 Dec;35(4):445-6. doi: 10.1097/WNO.0000000000000324.

Reactive Oxygen Species in Mitochondrial Optic Neuropathies: Comment.

Sadun AA(1), Karanjia R, Pan BX, Ross-Cisneros FN, Carelli V.

Author information: 
(1)Department of Ophthalmology, David Geffen School of Medicine, Doheny Eye
Centers, UCLA, Los Angeles, California Doheny Eye Institute, Los Angeles,
California Department of Neurological Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna,
Italy.

PMID: 26576023   [PubMed - in process]


4. J Neuroophthalmol. 2015 Dec;35(4):438-43. doi: 10.1097/WNO.0000000000000319.

Literature Commentary.

[No authors listed]

OBJECTIVE: To differentiate magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) characteristics of
optic neuritis associated with neuromyelitis optica (NMO) and relapsing-remitting
multiple sclerosis (RRMS).
BACKGROUND: Optic neuritis is a common presenting feature of both NMO and MS.
Distinguishing between NMO and RRMS is important in guiding treatment, but
biomarkers of NMO and MS can be absent early in the disease process. We looked
for differences in MRI characteristics of optic neuritis associated with NMO and 
MS that provide an early clue in the diagnostic workup.
DESIGN/METHODS: We conducted a retrospective analysis of 26 NMO and 26 RRMS
patients presenting to the Johns Hopkins Hospital with MRI-confirmed acute optic 
neuritis. Magnetic resonance images were assessed to identify the location and
longitudinal extent of each contrast enhancing lesion. For the purposes of this
study, the optic nerve was divided into intraorbital, canalicular, prechiasmal,
chiasmal, and optic tract.
RESULTS: There are distinct differences in MRI characteristics between
NMO-associated and RRMS-associated optic neuritis. The majority of NMO lesions
were longitudinally extensive measuring at least 17.6 mm in length and involving 
at least 3 optic nerve segments. At a cut-off of 17.6 mm of lesion length, the
specificity for NMO is 76.9% with a sensitivity of 80.8% and a positive
likelihood ratio of 3.50. Conversely, MS lesions were more commonly focal in 1
optic nerve segment localized anteriorly.
CONCLUSIONS: Optic neuritis in NMO has a distinct pattern on MRI as compared with
RRMS and can help differentiate these 2 neuroinflammatory diseases at
presentation.

PMID: 26576022   [PubMed - in process]


5. J Neuroophthalmol. 2015 Dec;35(4):431-7. doi: 10.1097/WNO.0000000000000315.

Should Magnetic Resonance Venography be Performed Routinely in all Patients
Undergoing Evaluation for Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension?

Dinkin M(1), Moss HE.

Author information: 
(1)Departments of Ophthalmology, Neurology and Neurosurgery (MD), Weill Cornell
Medical College, New York, New York; and Departments of Ophthalmology, Neurology 
and Neurosurgery (HEM), University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois.

PMID: 26576021   [PubMed - in process]


6. J Neuroophthalmol. 2015 Dec;35(4):426-30. doi: 10.1097/WNO.0000000000000311.

A 29-Year-Old Nurse With Fatigue, Anxiety, and Depression.

Leavitt JA(1), Chen JJ, Salomao DR, Rhee JH.

Author information: 
(1)Departments of Ophthalmology (JAL, JJC) and Pathology (DRS), Mayo Clinic,
Rochester, Minnesota; and Department Radiology (JHR), Providence Saint John's
Health Center, Santa Monica, California.

PMID: 26576020   [PubMed - in process]


7. J Neuroophthalmol. 2015 Dec;35(4):412-25. doi: 10.1097/WNO.0000000000000313.

High-Resolution 3D Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Sixth Cranial Nerve:
Anatomic and Pathologic Considerations by Segment.

Kontzialis M(1), Choudhri AF, Patel VR, Subramanian PS, Ishii M, Gallia GL, Aygun
N, Blitz AM.

Author information: 
(1)Division of Neuroradiology (MK, NA, AMB), Department of Radiology and
Radiologic Science, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland;
Department of Radiology (AFC), University of Tennessee, Memphis, Tennessee;
Department of Ophthalmology (VRP), University of Southern California, Los
Angeles, California; Department of Ophthalmology (PSS), Johns Hopkins Medical
Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland; Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck
Surgery (MI), Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland; and
Department of Neurosurgery (GLG), Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, 
Maryland.

BACKGROUND: Weakness of the sixth cranial nerve is the most common cause of an
ocular motor cranial nerve palsy. It is often difficult to identify a
corresponding abnormality on neuroimaging to correlate with the clinical
examination.
EVIDENCE ACQUISITION: High-resolution 3D skull base magnetic resonance imaging
(MRI) allows for visualization of the sixth nerve along much of its course and
may increase sensitivity for abnormalities in regions that previously were
challenging to evaluate. In this review, the authors share their experience with 
high-resolution imaging of the sixth nerve.
RESULTS: For each segment, anatomic features visible on high-resolution imaging
are described along with relevant pathologic entities.
CONCLUSIONS: We present a segmental approach to high-resolution 3D MRI for
evaluation of the sixth nerve from the nuclear to the orbital segment.

PMID: 26576019   [PubMed - in process]


8. J Neuroophthalmol. 2015 Dec;35(4):379-81. doi: 10.1097/WNO.0000000000000316.

Benign Essential Blepharospasm-There Is More to It Than Just Blinking.

Digre KB(1).

Author information: 
(1)Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Moran Eye Center, University 
of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah.

PMID: 26576018   [PubMed - in process]


9. J Neuroophthalmol. 2015 Dec;35(4):374-9. doi: 10.1097/WNO.0000000000000317.

Benign Essential Blepharospasm is a Disorder of Neuroplasticity: Lessons From
Animal Models.

Evinger C(1).

Author information: 
(1)Department Neurobiology and Behavior and Ophthalmology, SUNY Stony Brook,
Stony Brook, New York.

PMID: 26576017   [PubMed - in process]


10. J Neuroophthalmol. 2015 Dec;35(4):335-41. doi: 10.1097/WNO.0000000000000321.

Role of Endoscopic Skull Base and Keyhole Surgery for Pituitary and Parasellar
Tumors Impacting Vision.

Kelly DF(1), Griffiths CF, Takasumi Y, Rhee J, Barkhoudarian G, Krauss HR.

Author information: 
(1)Pacific Brain Tumor Center and Pituitary Disorders Program, Providence St.
John's Health Center and John Wayne Cancer Institute, Santa Monica, California.

Significant advances over the last 2 decades in imaging technology,
instrumentation, anatomical knowledge, and reconstructive techniques have
resulted in the endonasal endoscopic approach becoming an integral part of modern
skull base surgery. With growing use and greater experience, surgical outcomes
continue to incrementally improve across many skull base pathologies, including
those tumors that impact vision and ocular motility. The importance of the
learning curve and use of a multi-disciplinary approach is critical to maximizing
success, minimizing complications, and enhancing quality of life in these
patients. Realizing the limits of the endonasal route and reasonable use of
transcranial approaches such as the supraorbital eyebrow craniotomy is also
critical, as is appropriate use of nonsurgical therapies including various forms 
of radiotherapy, radiotherapy, and medical treatment options.

PMID: 26576016   [PubMed - in process]


11. J Neuroophthalmol. 2015 Nov 3. [Epub ahead of print]

Optic Nerve Sheath Melanoma Presenting as a Central Retinal Vein Occlusion.

Barash A(1), Sibony PA, Stippa NA, Boyle NS, Davis JE.

Author information: 
(1)Department of Ophthalmology (AB, PS, NB), Pathology (JED), and School of
Medicine (NS), State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New
York.

A 64-year-old woman, with a history of diabetes and melanoma, developed a central
retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) in her left eye. On exam, she had severe disc edema
with retinal nerve fiber layer thickening, and anterior deformation of the
peripapillary retinal pigment epithelium (RPE)/Bruch membrane layer (ppRPE/BM)
toward the vitreous on spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT)
suggesting an optic nerve sheath (ONS) meningioma. Magnetic resonance imaging
findings and ONS biopsy later confirmed a metastatic melanoma. This case
demonstrates that the shape of the RPE/BM on SD-OCT may aid in the decision to
consider imaging in patients with isolated CRVO.

PMID: 26535468   [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]


12. J Neuroophthalmol. 2015 Oct 29. [Epub ahead of print]

Suprasellar Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor in an Adult.

Espino Barros Palau A(1), Khan K, Morgan ML, Powell SZ, Lee AG.

Author information: 
(1)Department of Ophthalmology (AEBP), Centro Médico Zambrano Hellion-Tec Salud, 
Monterrey, Mexico; Department of Ophthalmology (KK, AGL), Baylor College of
Medicine, Houston, Texas; Department of Ophthalmology, Houston Methodist
Hospital, Houston, Texas; Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine (MLM,
AGL), Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas; Departments of Ophthalmology
(AGL), Neurology, and Neurosurgery, Weill Cornell Medical College, Houston,
Texas; Department of Ophthalmology (AGL), UTMB Galveston, Texas; The UT M.D.
Anderson Cancer Center (AGL), Houston, Texas; and The University of Iowa
Hospitals and Clinics (AGL), Iowa City, Iowa.

Primitive neuroectodermal tumors (PNET) of the central nervous system (CNS) are a
heterogeneous group of embryonal malignancies that are composed of
undifferentiated or poorly differentiated neuroepithelial cells. Supratentorial
PNET is the second most common CNS embryonal malignancy in children, but it is
rare in adults. We report the case of a 31-year-old woman with bilateral vision
loss and a bitemporal hemianopia. Neuroimaging revealed a suprasellar mass, and
pathology was consistent with PNET. After surgical debulking of the tumor
followed by radiation therapy and chemotherapy, the patient had significant
visual recovery and remained stable over 14 months of follow-up.

PMID: 26517622   [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]


13. J Neuroophthalmol. 2015 Sep;35(3):e26-7.

Martin Lubow, MD (1931-2015).

Benes SC.

PMID: 26505050   [PubMed - in process]


14. J Neuroophthalmol. 2015 Sep;35(3):e24-5.

Fanfare for the Uncommon Neuro-Ophthalmologist: A Tribute to Irma Miller Lessell.

Borchert MS, Lessell S.

PMID: 26505049   [PubMed - in process]