1. JAMA Ophthalmol. 2014 Aug 14. doi: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2014.2052. [Epub ahead 
of print]

Endophthalmitis Prophylaxis for Cataract Surgery: Are Intracameral Antibiotics
Necessary?

Schimel AM(1), Alfonso EC(2), Flynn HW Jr(2).

Author information: 
(1)Center For Excellence in Eye Care, Miami, Florida.
(2)Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami
Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida.

PMID: 25125316   [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]


2. JAMA Ophthalmol. 2014 Aug 14. doi: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2014.3024. [Epub ahead 
of print]

Uveitis in Patients With Late-Stage Cutaneous Melanoma Treated With Vemurafenib.

Guedj M(1), Quéant A(1), Funck-Brentano E(2), Kramkimel N(3), Lellouch J(4),
Monnet D(1), Longvert C(2), Gantzer A(2), Brézin AP(1).

Author information: 
(1)Department of Ophthalmology, Cochin-Hôtel-Dieu Hospital, Paris, France2Faculté de
Médecine, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France.
(2)Department of Dermatology, Ambroise Paré Hospital, Boulogne-Billancourt, France.
(3)Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France4Department of
Dermatology, Cochin Hospital, Paris, France.
(4)Department of Ophthalmology, Cochin-Hôtel-Dieu Hospital, Paris, France.

Importance: This case series highlights the risk of uveitis in patients treated
with vemurafenib for unresectable or metastatic cutaneous melanoma.
Objective: To assess the occurrence and severity of uveitis as an adverse effect 
of vemurafenib therapy.
Design, Setting, and Patients: In this observational small case series, data were
collected successively from May 1, 2012, through February 31, 2013, from patients
with clinical signs of ocular inflammation treated with vemurafenib at the
Department of Ophthalmology, Cochin-Hôtel-Dieu Hospital.
Main Outcomes and Measures: Patients' demographics, vemurafenib dosages, and the 
intervals between the onset of treatment and the first ocular symptoms were
recorded. The characteristics of ocular inflammatory manifestations were
analyzed. The effect of the discontinuation of vemurafenib therapy on ocular
manifestations was assessed, as well as the effect of rechallenging when
vemurafenib was reintroduced.
Results: Seven patients (mean [SD] age, 74.7 [4.0] years) had uveitis. The
vemurafenib dose was 960 mg twice per day in 6 patients and a half dose in 1
patient. The mean (SD) time until the appearance of ocular signs was 5.6 (2.3)
months (range, 19 days to 7 months), and inflammation ranged from mild or
low-grade anterior uveitis to severe explosive panuveitis complicated by retinal 
detachment. Signs of ocular inflammation were always bilateral. Optical coherence
tomography revealed a macular edema in only 1 of the 7 patients. Clinical
improvement occurred when vemurafenib therapy was stopped in 5 of 7 patients. The
rechallenge at treatment reintroduction was positive in 2 of 7 patients.
Conclusions and Relevance: This small case series highlights that uveitis can be 
a noteworthy adverse effect of vemurafenib therapy in patients with metastatic
cutaneous melanoma. However, these cases of uveitis were usually restricted to
the anterior segment and manageable with local corticosteroid therapy, which
justified the continuation of vemurafenib therapy because the benefits regarding 
the patients' survival were greater than the risk to their vision.

PMID: 25125216   [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]


3. JAMA Ophthalmol. 2014 Aug 14. doi: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2014.2854. [Epub ahead 
of print]

Prevalence of and Risk Factors for Diabetic Macular Edema in the United States.

Varma R(1), Bressler NM(2), Doan QV(3), Gleeson M(3), Danese M(3), Bower JK(4),
Selvin E(5), Dolan C(6), Fine J(6), Colman S(6), Turpcu A(6).

Author information: 
(1)USC Eye Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California,
Los Angeles.
(2)Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore,
Maryland3Editor, JAMA Ophthalmology.
(3)Outcomes Insights, Inc, Westlake Village, California.
(4)Division of Epidemiology, The Ohio State University College of Public Health,
Columbus.
(5)Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore,
Maryland.
(6)Genentech, Inc, South San Francisco, California.

Importance: Diabetic macular edema (DME) is a leading cause of vision loss in
persons with diabetes mellitus. Although there are national estimates for the
prevalence of diabetic retinopathy and its risk factors among persons with
diabetes, to our knowledge, no comparable estimates are available for DME
specifically.
Objectives: To estimate the prevalence of DME in the US population and to
identify associated risk factors.
Design, Setting, and Participants: A cross-sectional analysis of 1038
participants aged 40 years or older with diabetes and valid fundus photographs in
the 2005 to 2008 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.
Main Outcomes and Measures: The overall prevalence of DME and its prevalence
according to age, race/ethnicity, and sex.
Results: Of the 1038 persons with diabetes analyzed for this study, 55 had DME,
for an overall weighted prevalence of 3.8% (95% CI, 2.7%-4.9%) or approximately
746 000 persons in the US 2010 population aged 40 years or older. We identified
no differences in the prevalence of DME by age or sex. Multivariable logistic
regression analysis showed that the odds of having DME were higher for
non-Hispanic blacks than for non-Hispanic whites (odds ratio [OR], 2.64; 95% CI, 
1.19-5.84; P = .02). Elevated levels of glycosylated hemoglobin A1c (OR, 1.47;
95% CI, 1.26-1.71 for each 1%; P < .001) and longer duration of diabetes (OR,
8.51; 95% CI, 3.70-19.54 for ≥10 vs <10 years; P < .001) were also associated
with DME prevalence.
Conclusions and Relevance: These results suggest a greater burden of DME among
non-Hispanic blacks, individuals with high levels of hemoglobin A1c, and those
with longer duration of diabetes. Given recent treatment advances in reducing
vision loss and preserving vision in persons with DME, it is imperative that all 
persons with diabetes receive early screening; this recommendation is even more
important for those at higher risk for DME.

PMID: 25125075   [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]


4. JAMA Ophthalmol. 2014 Aug 1;132(8):1031-2. doi: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2014.2009.

Making sense of the evidence from the age-related eye disease study 2 randomized 
clinical trial-reply.

Chew EY(1), Clemons TE(2).

Author information: 
(1)Clinical Trials Branch, Division of Epidemiology and Clinical Applications,
National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.
(2)The EMMES Corp, Rockville, Maryland.

PMID: 25124958   [PubMed - in process]


5. JAMA Ophthalmol. 2014 Aug 1;132(8):1031. doi: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2014.2007.

Making sense of the evidence from the age-related eye disease study 2 randomized 
clinical trial.

Downie LE(1), Keller PR(2).

Author information: 
(1)Department of Optometry and Vision Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, 
Victoria, Australia.
(2)Department of Optometry and Vision Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, 
Victoria, Australia2Macular Research Unit, Centre for Eye Research Australia,
Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.

PMID: 25124957   [PubMed - in process]


6. JAMA Ophthalmol. 2014 Aug 1;132(8):1030-1. doi: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2014.2445.

Vulnerable Populations in the Underuse of the US Health Care System by Persons
With Diabetes Mellitus and Diabetic Macular Edema-Reply.

Bressler NM(1), Varma R(2), Doan Q(3).

Author information: 
(1)Retina Division, Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of
Medicine and Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland2JAMA Ophthalmology, Chicago, Illinois.
(2)Illinois Eye and Ear Infirmary, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, 
University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago4currently at Department of
Ophthalmology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles.
(3)Outcomes Insight, Inc, Westlake Village, California.

PMID: 25124956   [PubMed - in process]


7. JAMA Ophthalmol. 2014 Aug 1;132(8):1030. doi: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2014.1759.

Vulnerable Populations in the Underuse of the US Health Care System by Persons
With Diabetes Mellitus and Diabetic Macular Edema.

Armstrong GW(1), Mahmud I(1), Migliori ME(2).

Author information: 
(1)Department of Health Policy and Management, Harvard School of Public Health,
Boston, Massachusetts.
(2)Division of Ophthalmology, Rhode Island Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School of
Brown University, Providence.

PMID: 25124955   [PubMed - in process]


8. JAMA Ophthalmol. 2014 Aug 1;132(8):1029-30. doi:
10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2014.1799.

Follow-up on Anterior Chamber Angiostrongyliasis.

Galor A(1), Eberhard ML(2).

Author information: 
(1)Department of Ophthalmology, Miami Veterans Administration Medical Center, Miami,
Florida2Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, Miami, Florida.
(2)Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria, Parasitic Diseases Branch, Centers
for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.

PMID: 25124954   [PubMed - in process]


9. JAMA Ophthalmol. 2014 Aug 1;132(8):1024-5. doi: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2014.436.

Tethered vitreous seeds following intravitreal melphalan for retinoblastoma.

Francis JH(1), Marr BP(2), Brodie SE(3), Gobin YP(4), Abramson DH(2).

Author information: 
(1)Ophthalmic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York,
New York.
(2)Ophthalmic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York,
New York2Department of Ophthalmology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York,
New York.
(3)Ophthalmic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York,
New York3Department of Ophthalmology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York,
New York.
(4)Service of Interventional Neuroradiology, Department of Neurosurgery, Weill
Cornell Medical College of New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New
York5Service of Interventional Neuroradiology, Department of Neurology and
Radiology, Weill Cornell Medica.

PMID: 25124953   [PubMed - in process]


10. JAMA Ophthalmol. 2014 Aug 1;132(8):1021-2. doi: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2014.431.

Effect of topical rebamipide on human conjunctival goblet cells.

Kase S(1), Shinohara T(2), Kase M(1).

Author information: 
(1)Department of Ophthalmology, Teine Keijinkai Hospital, Teine-ku, Sapporo, Japan.
(2)Department of Surgical Pathology, Teine Keijinkai Hospital, Teine-ku, Sapporo,
Japan.

PMID: 25124952   [PubMed - in process]


11. JAMA Ophthalmol. 2014 Aug 1;132(8):1017-9. doi: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2014.402.

Accelerometer-assessed physical activity and diabetic retinopathy in the United
States.

Loprinzi PD(1), Brodowicz GR(2), Sengupta S(3), Solomon SD(3), Ramulu PY(3).

Author information: 
(1)Department of Exercise Science, Bellarmine University, Louisville, Kentucky.
(2)School of Community Health, Portland State University, Portland, Oregon.
(3)Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.

PMID: 25124951   [PubMed - in process]


12. JAMA Ophthalmol. 2014 Aug 1;132(8):1015-6. doi: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2014.1444.

Shimmering lights.

Khan M(1), Rao PK(2), Rao RC(3).

Author information: 
(1)Kellogg Eye Center, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University
of Michigan, Ann Arbor.
(2)Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Washington University School of 
Medicine, St Louis, Missouri.
(3)Kellogg Eye Center, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University
of Michigan, Ann Arbor2Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences,
Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri3Department of
Pathology, University of Mic.

PMID: 25124950   [PubMed - in process]


13. JAMA Ophthalmol. 2014 Aug 1;132(8):1013-4. doi: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2014.1415.

Numbness of the forehead.

DeParis SW, Grumbine FL, Vagefi MR.

Author information: 
Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, San Francisco.

PMID: 25124949   [PubMed - in process]


14. JAMA Ophthalmol. 2014 Aug 1;132(8):914. doi: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2013.5954.

JAMA Ophthalmology.

[No authors listed]

PMID: 25124948   [PubMed - in process]


15. JAMA Ophthalmol. 2014 Aug 1;132(8):913. doi: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2013.5953.

Highlights.

[No authors listed]

PMID: 25124947   [PubMed - in process]


16. JAMA Ophthalmol. 2014 Aug 14. doi: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2014.2814. [Epub ahead 
of print]

Phenotypic Overlap Between Familial Exudative Vitreoretinopathy and Microcephaly,
Lymphedema, and Chorioretinal Dysplasia Caused by KIF11 Mutations.

Robitaille JM(1), Gillett RM(2), LeBlanc MA(2), Gaston D(2), Nightingale M(2),
Mackley MP(2), Parkash S(3), Hathaway J(4), Thomas A(5), Ells A(6), Traboulsi
EI(7), Héon E(8), Roy M(9), Shalev S(10), Fernandez CV(11), MacGillivray C(12),
Wallace K(13), Fahiminiya S(14), Majewski J(14), McMaster CR(15), Bedard K(2).

Author information: 
(1)IWK Health Centre Eye Care Team, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada2Department of
Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia,
Canada3Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia,
Canada.
(2)Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.
(3)Department of Pediatrics, Maritime Medical Genetics Service, Dalhousie
University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.
(4)Providence Health Care Heart Centre, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver Coastal
Health, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
(5)Maritime Medical Genetics Service, IWK Health Centre, Halifax, Nova Scotia,
Canada.
(6)Department of Surgery, University of Calgary, Alberta Children's Hospital
Research Institute, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
(7)Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio.
(8)Department of Ophthalmology, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of
Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
(9)Réseau de santé Vitalité Health Network, Hôpital regional Chaleur Regional
Hospital, Bathurst, New Brunswick, Canada.
(10)Genetic Institute, Emek Medical Center, Afula, Rappaport School of Medicine,
Technion, Haifa, Israel.
(11)Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Oncology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova
Scotia, Canada.
(12)Department of Ophthalmology, Capital Health, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.
(13)IWK Health Centre Eye Care Team, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada2Department of
Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia,
Canada.
(14)Department of Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal,
Quebec, Canada15Genome Quebec Innovation Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
(15)Department of Pharmacology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.

Importance: Retinal detachment with avascularity of the peripheral retina,
typically associated with familial exudative vitreoretinopathy (FEVR), can result
from mutations in KIF11, a gene recently identified to cause microcephaly,
lymphedema, and chorioretinal dysplasia (MLCRD) as well as chorioretinal
dysplasia, microcephaly, and mental retardation (CDMMR). Ophthalmologists should 
be aware of the range of presentations for mutations in KIF11 because the
phenotypic distinction between FEVR and MLCRD/CDMMR portends management
implications in patients with these conditions.
Objective: To identify gene mutations in patients who present with a FEVR
phenotype and explore the spectrum of ocular and systemic abnormalities caused by
KIF11 mutations in a cohort of patients with FEVR or microcephaly in conjunction 
with chorioretinopathy or FEVR.
Design, Setting, and Participants: Clinical data and DNA were collected from each
participant between 1998 and 2013 from the clinical practices of ophthalmologists
and clinical geneticists internationally. Twenty-eight FEVR probands with
diagnoses made by the referring physician and without a known FEVR gene mutation,
and 3 with microcephaly and chorioretinopathy, were included. At least 1 patient 
in each pedigree manifested 1 or more of the following: macular dragging, partial
retinal detachment, falciform folds, or total retinal detachment.
Exposures: Whole-exome sequencing was conducted on affected members in multiplex 
pedigrees, and Sanger sequencing of the 22 exons of the KIF11 gene was performed 
on singletons. Clinical data and history were collected and reviewed.
Main Outcomes and Measures: Identification of mutations in KIF11.
Results: Four novel heterozygous KIF11 mutations and 1 previously published
mutation were identified in probands with FEVR: p.A218Gfs*15, p.E470X, p.R221G,
c.790-1G>T, and the previously described heterozygous p.R47X. Documentation of
peripheral avascular areas on intravenous fluorescein angiography was possible in
2 probands with fibrovascular proliferation demonstrating phenotypic overlap with
FEVR.
Conclusions and Relevance: Mutations in KIF11 cause a broader spectrum of ocular 
disease than previously reported, including retinal detachment. The KIF11 gene
likely plays a role in retinal vascular development and mutations in this gene
can lead to clinical overlap with FEVR. Cases of FEVR should be carefully
inspected for the presence of microcephaly as a marker for KIF11-related disease 
to enhance the accuracy of the prognosis and genetic counseling.

PMID: 25124931   [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]


17. JAMA Ophthalmol. 2014 Aug 14. doi: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2014.2780. [Epub ahead 
of print]

Candida glabrata Endophthalmitis Transmitted From Graft to Host After Descemet
Stripping Automated Endothelial Keratoplasty.

Weng CY, Parke DW 3rd, Walter SD, Isom RF, Chang JS, Flynn HW Jr.

Author information: 
Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, Miami, Florida.

PMID: 25124791   [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]


18. JAMA Ophthalmol. 2014 Aug 14. doi: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2014.186. [Epub ahead
of print]

Reversal of Toxic Manifestations of Chlorpromazine.

Gupta A, Agarwal A, Ram J.

PMID: 25124654   [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]


19. JAMA Ophthalmol. 2014 Aug 7. doi: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2014.1420. [Epub ahead
of print]

The First International Optogenetic Therapies for Vision Symposium: Translational
Medicine in Progress.

Zarbin MA.

Author information: 
Institute of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School,
Rutgers University, Newark.

PMID: 25103996   [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]


20. JAMA Ophthalmol. 2014 Aug 7. doi: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2014.2756. [Epub ahead
of print]

Small-Bubble Deep Anterior Lamellar Keratoplasty Technique.

Scorcia V(1), Beltz J(2), Busin M(3).

Author information: 
(1)Department of Ophthalmology, University of Magna Graecia, Catanzaro, Italy.
(2)Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital,
Melbourne, Australia.
(3)Department of Ophthalmology, University of Magna Graecia, Catanzaro, Italy2Centre
for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne,
Australia3Department of Ophthalmology, Ospedale Privato Villa Igea, Forlì, Italy.

PMID: 25103895   [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]


21. JAMA Ophthalmol. 2014 Aug 7. doi: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2014.2772. [Epub ahead
of print]

Refractive Outcomes Following Bevacizumab Monotherapy Compared With Conventional 
Laser Treatment: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Geloneck MM(1), Chuang AZ(1), Clark WL(2), Hunt MG(3), Norman AA(3), Packwood
EA(3), Tawansy KA(4), Mintz-Hittner HA(1); for the BEAT-ROP Cooperative Group.

Author information: 
(1)Ruiz Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, The University of Texas
Health Science Center-Houston Medical School, Houston.
(2)Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Palmetto Health Baptist Medical Center, Columbia,
South Carolina3Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Palmetto Health Richland Medical
Center, Columbia, South Carolina.
(3)Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Cook Children's Medical Center, Ft Worth, Texas.
(4)Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Huntington Memorial Hospital, Pasadena, California.

Importance: Children born prematurely who develop retinopathy of prematurity
(ROP) often develop myopia, and those who require laser treatment may develop
very high myopia, which has considerable clinical consequences.
Objective: To report refractive outcomes in preterm infants who developed ROP in 
zone I or zone II posterior as stage 3+ ROP or aggressive posterior ROP (APROP).
Design, Setting, and Participants: All infants received intravitreal bevacizumab 
or laser therapy in a prospective, stratified, randomized, controlled, masked,
multicenter clinical trial, Bevacizumab Eliminates the Angiogenic Threat for ROP 
(BEAT-ROP). Children who received intravitreal bevacizumab or laser in the
BEAT-ROP clinical trial, with treatment randomized by infant, underwent
cycloplegic retinoscopic refraction at a mean age of 2½ years. Fifteen centers
with both pediatric and vitreoretinal ophthalmologists participating in level 3
neonatal intensive care units in academic centers with institutional review board
approval were included in the trial. Of the originally enrolled 150 infants (300 
eyes) in the BEAT-ROP clinical trial, 13 infants (26 eyes) died (6 received
intravitreal bevacizumab; 7 received laser) and 19 eyes had intraocular surgery
(6 infants bilaterally). Thus, 45 eyes (19 infants bilaterally) were excluded,
leaving 131 infants (255 eyes, including 21 eyes that received a successful
second treatment for recurrence).
Interventions: Follow-up of the BEAT-ROP cohort.
Main Outcomes and Measures: Spherical equivalent refractive outcomes and their
distribution by ROP zone and treatment.
Results: Refractions were available for 109 of 131 eligible infants (83.2%) and
211 of 255 eyes (82.7%). Mean (SD) spherical equivalent refractions were as
follows: zone I, -1.51 (3.42) diopters (D) in 52 eyes that received intravitreal 
bevacizumab and -8.44 (7.57) D in 35 eyes that received laser treatment
(P < .001); and zone II posterior, -0.58 (2.53) D in 58 eyes that received
intravitreal bevacizumab and -5.83 (5.87) D in 66 eyes that received laser
treatment (P < .001). Very high myopia (≥-8.00 D) occurred in zone I in 2 of 52
(3.8%) eyes that received intravitreal bevacizumab and in 18 of 35 (51.4%) eyes
that received laser treatment (P < .001). Very high myopia occurred in zone II
posterior in 1 of 58 (1.7%) eyes that received intravitreal bevacizumab and in 24
of 66 (36.4%) eyes that received laser treatment (P < .001).
Conclusions and Relevance: More very high myopia was found in eyes that received 
laser treatment than in eyes that received intravitreal bevacizumab. This
difference is possibly related to anterior segment development that is present
with intravitreal bevacizumab but minimal or absent following laser treatment.
Trial Registration: clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00622726.

PMID: 25103848   [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]


22. JAMA Ophthalmol. 2014 Aug 7. doi: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2014.2821. [Epub ahead
of print]

Conjunctival Intralymphatic Small Cell Lymphocytostasis Associated With a Salmon 
Patch.

Jakobiec FA(1), Rashid A(1), Letko E(2).

Author information: 
(1)David G. Cogan Laboratory of Ophthalmic Pathology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear
Infirmary, Boston2Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
(2)Corneal Consultants of Colorado, Littleton.

PMID: 25103729   [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]


23. JAMA Ophthalmol. 2014 Aug 7. doi: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2014.558. [Epub ahead of
print]

Combined Branch Retinal Artery and Vein Occlusion in Hyperhomocysteinemia.

Sengupta S.

PMID: 25103636   [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]


24. JAMA Ophthalmol. 2014 Jul 31. doi: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2014.2356. [Epub ahead 
of print]

Human Ciliary Epithelium as a Source of Synthesis and Secretion of Vascular
Endothelial Growth Factor in Neovascular Glaucoma.

Chalam KV(1), Brar VS(2), Murthy RK(1).

Author information: 
(1)Department of Ophthalmology, University of Florida College of Medicine,
Jacksonville.
(2)Department of Ophthalmology, University of Florida College of Medicine,
Jacksonville2Department of Ophthalmology, Virginia Commonwealth University,
Richmond.

Importance: Retinal ischemia-induced upregulation of vascular endothelial growth 
factor (VEGF) leads to endothelial proliferation of the anterior segment,
resulting in neovascular glaucoma.
Objective: To investigate the ciliary epithelium as a possible source of VEGF in 
human eyes enucleated for intractable neovascular glaucoma.
Design, Setting, and Participants: In this proof-of-concept, laboratory-based
study, 16 human enucleated eyes (8 with neovascular glaucoma and 8 as controls)
were investigated.
Main Outcomes and Measures: Presence of VEGF by immunohistochemical analysis
(VEGF protein) and in situ hybridization (VEGF messenger RNA).
Results: In eyes with neovascular glaucoma, strong VEGF immunoreaction in the
nonpigmented epithelial cells of the ciliary processes and in the retina was
noted. In situ hybridization for VEGF messenger RNA revealed a similar pattern,
with positive stain results only in eyes with neovascular glaucoma. A minimal
amount of VEGF immunostaining was seen in control eyes.
Conclusions and Relevance: The nonpigmented ciliary epithelium is an important
site of VEGF synthesis in patients with neovascular glaucoma. The ciliary
epithelium may represent an additional focus of treatment in the management of
neovascular glaucoma, especially in eyes that are nonresponsive to panretinal
photocoagulation.

PMID: 25079256   [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]


25. JAMA Ophthalmol. 2014 Jul 31. doi: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2014.2343. [Epub ahead 
of print]

Clinical and Molecular Characterization of Enhanced S-Cone Syndrome in Children.

Hull S(1), Arno G(2), Sergouniotis PI(1), Tiffin P(3), Borman AD(1), Chandra
A(1), Robson AG(1), Holder GE(1), Webster AR(1), Moore AT(1).

Author information: 
(1)Inherited Eye Diseases, University College London Institute of Ophthalmology,
London, England2Moorfields Eye Hospital, London, England.
(2)Inherited Eye Diseases, University College London Institute of Ophthalmology,
London, England.
(3)Sunderland Eye Infirmary, Sunderland, England.

Importance: Enhanced S-cone syndrome (ESCS) forms part of the differential
diagnosis of night blindness in childhood.
Objective: To report in detail the clinical phenotype and molecular genetic
findings in a series of children with ESCS.
Design, Setting and Participants: Nine children with ESCS from 5 families
underwent full ophthalmic examination, electrophysiological testing, and retinal 
imaging at a genetic eye disease clinic of a tertiary referral eye hospital.
Bidirectional Sanger sequencing of all exons and intron-exon boundaries of NR2E3 
was performed.
Main Outcomes and Measures: Results of ophthalmic examination and sequence
analysis of NR2E3.
Results: In total, 5 girls and 4 boys with a diagnosis of ESCS were included in
the study. All patients had developed nyctalopia from early childhood. Visual
acuity ranged from 0.00 to 1.20 logMAR (20/20 to 20/320 Snellen). All patients
had hyperopia. Three patients had nummular pigmentary lesions along the arcades
as typically seen in adults, 4 patients had mild pigmentary disturbance or white 
dots along the arcades, and 2 patients had a normal retinal appearance, although 
their fundus autofluorescence imaging demonstrated foci of increased
autofluorescence along the arcades. Three patients had macular schisis-like
changes on optical coherence tomography. Eight patients had electrophysiological 
testing at a mean age of 8.6 years (age range, 3-14 years), and in each patient
the findings were consistent with the diagnosis of ESCS. Direct sequencing of
NR2E3 identified 3 previously described mutations and 4 novel mutations. Seven
patients were compound heterozygous for mutations in NR2E3, and 2 additional
sibling patients were presumed to be homozygous for a missense change based on
parental sequencing.
Conclusions and Relevance: In this sample, children with ESCS had an early onset 
of night blindness and hyperopia but no nystagmus. Based on this study, children 
with ESCS may initially manifest a normal fundus appearance but later develop
mottled retinal pigment epithelium change along the arcades, followed by the
appearance of white dots in the same distribution. Fundus autofluorescence
imaging is abnormal in children with a normal fundus appearance. The
electrophysiological findings are pathognomonic and allow targeted molecular
screening and a specific diagnosis.

PMID: 25079116   [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]


26. JAMA Ophthalmol. 2014 Jul 31. doi: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2014.2326. [Epub ahead 
of print]

Effect of Cataract Extraction on the Visual Field Decay Rate in Patients With
Glaucoma.

Lee JW(1), Morales E(2), Yu F(3), Afifi AA(4), Kim EA(2), Abdollahi N(2),
Nouri-Mahdavi K(2), Caprioli J(2).

Author information: 
(1)Jules Stein Eye Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, 
California2Department of Ophthalmology, Pusan National University School of
Medicine, Busan, Korea.
(2)Jules Stein Eye Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, 
California.
(3)Jules Stein Eye Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, 
California3Department of Biostatistics, Jonathan and Karin Fielding School of
Public Health at the University of California, Los Angeles.
(4)Department of Biostatistics, Jonathan and Karin Fielding School of Public Health 
at the University of California, Los Angeles.

Importance: A visual field parameter that is resistant to cataract formation and 
extraction would help monitor glaucomatous visual field progression in patients
with coexisting glaucoma and cataract.
Objective: To evaluate the effect of cataract surgery on the slow and fast
components of visual field decay in a group of patients with glaucoma.
Design, Setting, and Participants: Retrospective, interventional, longitudinal
study. Eighty-five eyes of 68 patients with open-angle glaucoma who had cataract 
extraction were included. All patients had 5 or more reliable visual field
measurements before and after surgery.
Interventions: A pointwise exponential regression was used to perform trend
analysis on thresholds at visual field test locations before and after cataract
surgery. The test locations were ranked according to the decay rate and were
partitioned into slow and fast groups.
Main Outcomes and Measures: The slow and fast visual field rate components were
measured before and after cataract surgery and were compared. Linear regressions 
of the mean deviation and the visual field parameter were performed against time 
and were compared before and after surgery.
Results: The mean (SD) mean deviation was -5.5 (5.1) dB before cataract surgery
and -5.0 (4.9) dB after cataract surgery (P = .002). The mean (SD) Visual Field
Index was 86.4% (13.5%) before cataract surgery and 86.6% (13.3%) after cataract 
surgery (P = .30). The mean (SD) slow component rate decreased from 0.48% (0.73%)
per year before surgery to 0.26% (0.42%) per year after surgery (P = .04). No
statistically significant difference was identified in the fast component mean
(SD) rate per year before surgery (3.37% [4.05%]) vs per year after surgery
(3.46% [3.56%]) (P = .29).
Conclusions and Relevance: Cataract progression seems to be the main determinant 
for the slow visual field rate component and does not change the fast visual
field rate component. We conclude that the method used can help reduce the
confounding effects of cataract progression and cataract extraction on measured
perimetric progression in glaucoma.

PMID: 25078978   [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]


27. JAMA Ophthalmol. 2014 Jul 31. doi: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2014.2420. [Epub ahead 
of print]

Thalidomide for Recalcitrant Nodular Scleritis in Sarcoidosis.

Huddleston SM, Houser KH, Walton RC.

Author information: 
Department of Ophthalmology, University of Tennessee College of Medicine,
Memphis.

PMID: 25078792   [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]


28. JAMA Ophthalmol. 2014 Jul 31. doi: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2014.2324. [Epub ahead 
of print]

Stability of Melphalan Solution for Intravitreal Injection for Retinoblastoma.

Buitrago E(1), Lagomarsino E(2), Mato G(2), Schaiquevich P(3).

Author information: 
(1)Clinical Pharmacokinetics Unit, Hospital de Pediatría J. P. Garrahan, Buenos
Aires, Argentina.
(2)Department of Pharmacy, Hospital de Pediatría J. P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires,
Argentina.
(3)Clinical Pharmacokinetics Unit, Hospital de Pediatría J. P. Garrahan, Buenos
Aires, Argentina3National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET),
Hospital de Pediatría J. P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina.

PMID: 25078631   [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]


29. JAMA Ophthalmol. 2014 Jul 31. doi: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2014.545. [Epub ahead
of print]

Acquired Trichomegaly: Trichomegaly Secondary to Erlotinib.

Medina Mendez CA, Ma PC, Singh AD.

PMID: 25078467   [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]


30. JAMA Ophthalmol. 2014 Jul 31. doi: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2014.2389. [Epub ahead 
of print]

In Vivo Effects of Femtosecond Laser-Assisted Keratoplasty.

Banitt M, Cabot F, Hussain R, Dubovy S, Yoo SH.

Author information: 
Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami
Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida.

Importance: The femtosecond laser is reported to cut lamellar surfaces with
varying degrees of smoothness depending on the depth of the cut, with deeper cuts
leaving less smooth surfaces. We attempted to evaluate the smoothness of the
deeper lamellar surface as cut by the femtosecond laser after allowing 3 months
of in vivo healing.
Observations: Two patients underwent penetrating keratoplasty 3 months after
inadequate visual rehabilitation following femtosecond laser-assisted sutureless 
anterior lamellar keratoplasty for the treatment of anterior stromal scars. In
vivo confocal microscopy that was performed before penetrating keratoplasty
demonstrated an acellular zone with a hyperintense signal consistent with a mild 
interface opacification. Light microscopy in one patient demonstrated scarring
limited primarily to the posterior stroma; in the other patient, the interface
was smooth with mild scarring of the anterior lamellae. When studied with
electron microscopy, the cut surfaces revealed a smooth to very mild stuccolike
appearance that was smoother than anticipated.
Conclusions and Relevance: After 3 months of in vivo healing, the lamellar
interface produced by the femtosecond laser, as imaged by electron microscopy,
appeared to be nearly smooth with minimal roughness to the cut surfaces. We
attribute this to the effects of in vivo healing and remodeling.

PMID: 25078289   [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]